Storing verbal information in memory through a repetition loop that exchanges information between the input buffer and the articulation process of repetition (or output buffer). The neural implementation of such a system must be compatible with the known functional anatomy of the language system as determined by the study of aphasia using functional neuroimaging and other neurobiological approaches. According to this approach, the maintenance of phonological and other structured auditory sequences is achieved through the coordinated activity of three major processing nodes: the auditory phonological zone of the STG, the auditory-motor interface in the Spt, and the motor-articulatory structures in the prefrontal cortex.