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The relationship between anxiety and affiliation (Schechter’s experiment, 1959)

The psychological relationship between a person’s level of anxiety and his desire to communicate and belong to a group or other people (affiliation) was studied by the American psychologist Stanley Schechter in his famous experiment of 1959. In his research, he has shown that people with high levels of anxiety tend to seek social interaction and support from others more often than people with low levels of anxiety. He found that the most anxious people preferred to join similar groups, suggesting that social affiliation serves as a psychological coping mechanism and reduces anxiety. From a psychological point of view, this concept reflects the fact that anxiety increases the need for social connection, since joint communication provides emotional support, a sense of security and reduces feelings of loneliness. Belonging mitigates the negative effects of anxiety and allows a person to share feelings and experiences with others in similar circumstances. Socially, belonging plays an important role in forming group bonds and strengthening social cohesion. People who experience anxiety tend to stick to groups that are close to them or give them a sense of security, which strengthens group bonds and cooperation. Experience also shows that belonging is not limited to friendships, but extends to any form of social interaction that reduces a person’s sense of psychological threat.