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A theory based on the ideas that human behavior depends solely on external factors. Personality is a set of learned behavior patterns accumulated throughout life.

A defense mechanism in which negative emotions or instincts are transformed into socially acceptable actions or creations.

Behavior that results from a response to external events or stimuli.

The minimum and maximum value of any stimulus (light, sound, etc.) etc.) capable of causing a sensation.

A theory developed by Sigmund Freud that describes the structure of personality and emphasizes the importance of unconscious processes.