The key features of an explicit form of racism are:
1) Clarity and openness – characterized by the fact that the discriminatory intent is clear and visible to both victims and observers. Unlike implicit or institutional racism, direct racist actions do not hide their targeting of a particular group.
2) Open behavior – these include material and behavioral actions such as insults, denial of service, or perceived denial of opportunity, and can be easily detected and documented in both daily life and institutions.
3) Associated with open bias – they stem from clear beliefs or feelings about the superiority or inferiority of a certain group and include explicit prejudices towards members of the target group.
4) Direct and quick consequences – they immediately affect the target individuals, both psychologically (frustration, anger, sense of injustice) and their work and social opportunities. 5) Ease of legal and social identification – because they are clear and straightforward, they are often a violation of anti-discrimination laws or policies and can be prosecuted.
6) Sometimes associated with violence or hostility – direct actions can escalate into hostility or violence towards the target group, especially if there are feelings of hatred or social tension.
7) Repetitive acts that contribute to discrimination – often imply repetitive patterns of segregation or discrimination, whether in employment, education or society at large, that reinforce stereotypes and deepen divisions.
8) Explicitly targeted to a specific group – targeted to a specific group on the basis of race, color, national origin, or religion, rather than just individual incidents.