emotional or physical discomfort, disorientation, anxiety that arises in a person when getting into a different cultural environment and encountering another culture. This syndrome is characterized by the loss of the usual “signs and symbols of social interaction” that previously helped to orient oneself in society, and the appearance of unpleasant feelings due to the conflict of old and new cultural norms at the level of individual consciousness. The term was proposed by the Canadian anthropologist Kalervo Oberg in the 1950s.