The science of human behavior in the online environment and social media focuses on the psychological interactions that occur in digital spaces such as the internet and social media, as well as in the world of electronic gaming and virtual reality. It also examines the impact of the cyber environment on digital identity, social interaction, and even risky behaviors such as cyberbullying or cybercrime. The focus is on understanding how people form social and personal relationships online, how these relationships affect their psychological health and behavior, and how digital life affects personal perception and self-esteem. The impact of digital socialization on the emotional and behavioral development of children and young people is also considered. An important aspect of research in this area is how digital identity can influence people’s behavior, such as aggressive behavior or the formation of “alternative identities” online, and how these identities can be radically different from a person’s real identity. In addition, cyberpsychology is interested in topics such as “cyber addiction” – when people become overly dependent on the Internet in their daily communication – as well as the negative impact of virtual interaction on real interpersonal communication. The field also studies the interactions between humans, robots, and intelligent systems in cyber environments and how interactions affect psychological functions such as decision-making and self-awareness. In addition, special attention is paid to security issues related to digital activities, such as the psychological consequences of cyberattacks or anxiety arising from threats to online privacy. This area intersects with many topics related to cybersecurity and digital conflict. It also examines how digital systems can contribute to strengthening or destroying people’s psychological health in cyberspace.