A neurobehavioral disorder that occurs when the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, the area of the brain responsible for executive functions, including planning, working memory, cognitive flexibility, and problem-solving, is damaged. Lesions can be caused by stroke, traumatic brain injury, tumors, neurodegenerative diseases, or other brain damage. Symptoms include impaired organization of activities, decreased mental flexibility, difficulty changing strategies, poor problem solving, and decreased ability to manage complex tasks. Emotional changes, such as apathy or decreased initiative, are possible. Treatment is aimed at cognitive rehabilitation, the use of compensatory strategies and the correction of the underlying neurological pathology.