From the Greek language absence of speech) – is a speech disorder that occurs with localized injuries to the left hemisphere (in right-handed people) and represents a systemic disorder of various types of speech activity. This is manifested in disorders of the phonetic, morphological and grammatical structure of speech and understanding of directed speech, while the initial forms of hearing and movements of the speech apparatus, which ensure clear speech, remain intact. The classification of Lauria distinguishes seven forms of aphasia., each of which is associated with the insufficiency of a neuropsychological agent and is observed at the local limitation of the pathological process, with its own manifestations. Sensory aphasia is characterized by difficulties in understanding oral speech and in written dictation. Other types of speech are secondarily affected. It was first described by C. Wernicke (1874). Remembering auditory aphasia is manifested. In difficulties in understanding speech in complex conditions (fast speech, simultaneous presentation of two letters of speech, etc.), difficulties arising in oral speech (search for the right words, verbal expression), difficulties in writing, spelling, other types of speech are secondarily affected. Visual aphasia manifests itself memorally . In the difficulties of naming objects and their images, with greater ease in naming actions., other types of speech are secondarily affected, and have been first described by Loria as one of the forms of aphasia. Semantic or symbolic aphasia appears through disturbances in the understanding of certain grammatical logical constructions (maternal brother, brother’s mother, winter before spring, etc.) that reflect spatial relationships. In cases of serious damage, there may be a lack of understanding of words such as top, bottom, left, right, etc. This form of aphasia is integrated. With counting, spatial thinking disorders and constructive practicality, it was first described by H. Head (1926). Dynamic aphasia contained in speech insufficiency and the replacement of one voice with another is manifested by difficulties in distinguishing similar phrases (verbal movements necessary for pronunciation). In these cases, independent writing and written dictation may be impaired, and other types of speech are affected secondarily, and were first described by O. Lippmann (1913). Dynamic aphasia issued is manifested in difficulties in switching from one word (or syllable) to another due to inertiac in the stereotypical image of speech, and the pronunciation of individual sounds is not deficient in these cases, and oral speech and active writing are not mainly affected, while other types of speech are affected secondarily, and were first described by P. Broca (1861). Dynamic aphasia is characterized by a disorder of active verbal and written speech, general spontaneity of speech, and difficulties in activating words that denote actions. At the same time, repetitive and automated speech, reading and written dictation are relatively preserved, and were first described by K. Kleist (1934).