the ability of an employee to initiate actions on their own, anticipate problems and opportunities, and take responsibility for their decisions and actions, instead of passively waiting for something to happen. Unlike the reactive approach, in which employees wait for directions or react to emerging problems, proactive employees themselves look for opportunities to improve processes, anticipate potential difficulties and try to avoid them. Among the key qualities of a proactive employee are: initiative, responsibility, a high level of self-organization and openness to change.