are related to the quality of the environment in which the child grows up, and the degree to which it stimulates his abilities. These include a lack of cognitive and social stimulation in the early years, such as limited interaction with parents, limited educational experiences, emotional deprivation, or exposure to chronic psychological stressors. These factors hinder the activation of neural networks, delay the formation of higher mental functions, and limit the child’s ability to learn, self-regulate, solve problems, and adapt socially. An appropriate supportive environment plays a fundamental role in promoting neuropsychological development and mitigating the influence of genetic factors.