The factors involved in the development of professional resilience can be classified according to various criteria. The most common approach is to distinguish between internal (personal) and external (environmental) factors. Internal factors include individual psychological characteristics that facilitate or hinder the development of professional resilience. External factors comprise organizational, socio‑economic and professional aspects of work activity.

Among personal factors influencing the development of professional resilience, researchers highlight features of the nervous system, temperament, character, self‑esteem, level of aspiration, value‑semantic orientations and motivational dispositions. Particularly important are such personality characteristics as emotional stability, self‑confidence, optimism, cognitive flexibility, and resilience as psychological resistance to difficulties; that is, an individual’s capacity for emotional self‑regulation in stressful situations, as well as the degree of physical, mental and psychological vitality.

The specific features of the motivational sphere constitute one of the key factors in the development of professional resilience. Empirical findings indicate that the predominance of intrinsic motivation related to the content of professional activity has a positive effect on a specialist’s resilience, whereas the dominance of extrinsic motives (earnings, prestige, avoidance of punishment) may become a risk factor for professional resilience, especially under stressful conditions.

Organizational factors include working conditions, work schedule, workload intensity, organizational culture, incentive systems, leadership style and the psychological climate in the team. A favourable organizational environment, adequate workload, fair reward system and psychological support from colleagues and supervisors are important contributors to the development and maintenance of professional resilience. Studies show that the development of professional resilience is shaped not only by the objective characteristics of the professional environment but also by the subjective perception of these characteristics. The same level of workload may be perceived by different specialists as acceptable or excessive, depending on their individual characteristics, values, professional attitudes and work experience.

Social factors are associated with societal expectations regarding the profession, its social prestige, the social protection afforded to specialists, interpersonal relations and the degree of social support. The significance of these factors is particularly high for representatives of socionomic professions (teachers, psychologists, healthcare professionals, social workers, etc.), whose work is directly related to social interaction.Among professional factors one can distinguish the level of professional training, work experience, professional competencies and skills, degree of professional identification and satisfaction with professional activity. The higher the level of professional mastery and the broader the repertoire of professional skills, the more resilient the specialist is to the impact of adverse factors in the professional environment.