The concept describes the gap between the brain’s predictions and incoming sensory information. According to this view, the brain learns from its mistakes by applying forecast errors to minimize inexplicable sensory biases and hone the internal model of the world: the smaller the prediction error, the more accurate the reality model. Neuroscientists are now using the idea as a unified theory of brain functioning to explain how perception, thought, and activity work together to minimize such errors, and as an illustration of the disruptions in the thought process caused by mental disorders such as schizophrenia.