A standardized tool to assess a patient’s degree of disability and the amount of care needed to perform essential activities of daily living (ADL). It includes 18 items divided into two areas: motor (self-care, sphincter control, mobility, movement) and cognitive (communication and social cognition). Each item is evaluated from 1 (complete dependence) to 7 (complete independence), the total range of points is from 18 to 126. FIM is widely used in rehabilitation to track patient progress, plan care, and evaluate treatment outcomes.