A concept related to the functionalist approach in sociology, which considers society as a whole consisting of interrelated components, each of which seeks to maintain the stability of the social system and achieve equilibrium. According to this model, social conflict is a natural phenomenon, it is not necessarily destructive. Rather, it can be functional, contributing to the reallocation of resources, redressing imbalances, and promoting social inclusion. This model is associated with the principles of social balance, where tensions and disagreements are seen as signs of systemic dysfunction. Their resolution increases the stability and stability of society. The basic idea is that each social group or institution has a specific functional role, and conflict can arise when these functions are threatened or the interests of individuals and groups come into conflict. Conflict resolution restores balance and improves overall social performance. The main features of the functional model of conflict:
1) Focus on the social system as a whole. Conflict is considered as part of the overall system, and not as an anomaly.
2) Balance and stability. In this model, it is assumed that society always strives for an internal balance between the interests of individuals and groups.
3) Constructiveness of the conflict. Some conflicts promote cooperation, the redistribution of power or resources, and the elimination of deviations from social norms.
4) Multi-level. Conflict is studied at different levels: from an individual to a group and institutions, with an emphasis on its impact on the system as a whole.
5) Social adaptation. Emphasizes how conflict can be used as a tool to rebuild relationships and find sustainable solutions.