are an integrated system of tests, quality standards and assessment activities. Students who demonstrate outstanding ability in a variety of fields, such as general intelligence, academic achievement, creative thinking, social leadership, or artistic skills. These programs are a cornerstone for gifted and talented students, facilitating their early identification and selection of developmental programs that match their characteristics and aspirations. Identification tools typically include intelligence tests, behavioral observation checklists, teacher recommendations, interviews, and reviews of creative products. The effectiveness of these programmes depends on the fairness of the criteria used, their inclusiveness and consideration of cultural, gender and environmental diversity.