the syndrome of mental and physical retardation, which occurs in the first years of a child’s life as a result of a lack of communication with close adults, in particular, as a result of the separation of the infant from the mother and his early institutionalization, placement in a children’s institution (orphanage, hospital, etc.), as well as the impoverishment of the emotional and volitional qualities of the person and the deepening of social passivity, which occurs when a person is in conditions of social deprivation for a long time (hospital, boarding school). People are afraid to leave these institutions for ordinary life, cannot find their place among the “healthy”, are afraid of meeting difficulties and the unknown. It leaves an imprint on all spheres of the child’s developing personality, inhibiting his intellectual and emotional development, destroying physical well-being. Manifestations of hospitalism: delayed development of movements, especially walking, a sharp delay in mastering speech, emotional impoverishment, meaningless movements of an obsessive nature (rocking the body, etc.), as well as low anthropometric indicators, rickets, etc. Hospitalization can occur not only in children’s homes, but also in families with little emotion, in cold mothers who do not pay the required attention to the child (see Communication deficit). The development of hospitalization is accompanied by: – monotonous lifestyle, – limited connections with the outside world, – poverty of impressions, – overcrowding, lack of living space, – scarcity of choice of occupations, – dependence on staff, lack of intimate comfort, – regulation of the institution’s activities. To counteract hospitalization in inpatient institutions, environmental therapy technologies and employment therapy should be used.