motor speech disorder resulting from damage to the control circuits of the basal ganglia, especially in diseases such as Huntington’s disease, dystonia, and chorea. It is characterized by inconsistent speech speed, irregular articulation failures, excessive volume fluctuations, and the presence of abnormal involuntary movements affecting breathing, phonation, resonance, and articulation. The main sign is unpredictable and uncontrolled hyperkinesis that disrupts normal speech production.