A fundamental concept of social and cognitive psychology, describes the tendency of people to see a connection between two events or a sign and a specific event, even if there is no actual connection or it is very weak. In other words, people believe that there is a pattern or association between certain phenomena based on selective attention, rare events, or preconceived stereotypes, which leads to incorrect conclusions. Illusory correlations can be defined as the misinterpretation or misperception of a stable relationship between two variables, often based on a rare or striking event rather than objective or statistical data. Illusory correlations show how the human mind distorts social reality based on selective attention and vivid experience. Understanding this phenomenon helps to realize that superficial generalizations about individuals and groups are often based on inaccurate information, and that critical reflection and analysis of evidence are required to address these biases.