standardized tools such as the Tower of London test are used to assess planning processes and executive functioning, and the Stroop test is used to measure cognitive flexibility and impulse control. These tests provide quantitative results regarding a person’s ability to perform multi-step tasks, switch between thoughts, resist automatic reactions, and regulate behavior according to a desired goal.2) Behavior observation – involves observing a child’s behavior in a natural environment, such as in the classroom or while playing, to assess how well they perform daily tasks, interact with society, control emotions, and adapt to change. This observation provides qualitative information that cannot be obtained through standardized tests alone and reveals the impact of executive dysfunction in a real-world context.
3) Assessment conducted by parents and teachers. Standardized questionnaires, such as the Executive Function Assessment Questionnaire (BRIEF), are used to gather information from a child’s environment about their daily behaviors, such as their ability to plan, organize activities, be flexible, control emotions, and take initiative. These questionnaires help to build a comprehensive picture of the effectiveness of executive functions in daily life, providing a multifaceted assessment that combines the results of laboratory tests and direct observations.