Characteristics of the distribution of mental functions between the left and right hemispheres of the brain: in the performance of some mental functions, the left hemisphere is the leading one, while others are the leading one. It has been established that the function of the left hemisphere is to operate verbal and symbolic information in its expressive form, as well as to read and count; Whereas the function of the right hemisphere is to operate with images, orientation in space, distinguish between musical tones, melodies and non-verbal sounds, recognize complex objects (in particular, faces), and produce dreams. The main difference between the hemispheres is determined not so much by the features of the material used (verbal or figurative), but by the ways of its organization and the nature of information processing – the type of thinking. Both hemispheres are capable of perceiving words and images and of processing them (although the capabilities of the right hemisphere in relation to expressive speech are minimal), but these processes proceed differently in them. Left-hemisphere thinking is discrete and analytical; With its help, a number of sequential operations are performed that provide a logically consistent analysis of objects and phenomena according to a certain number of characteristics. Thanks to this, an internally consistent model of the world is formed, which can be fixed and unambiguously expressed in words or other conventional signs, which is a prerequisite for social communication. Right-hemisphere thinking is spatial-figurative, simultaneous (simultaneous) and synthetic; creates the possibility of simultaneous “grasping” of numerous properties of an object in their interconnection with each other and in interaction with the properties of other objects, which ensures the integrity of perception. Thanks to such interaction of images in several semantic planes at once, they acquire the property of polysemy. This polysemy, on the one hand, lies at the heart of creativity, and on the other hand, it makes it difficult to express connections between objects and phenomena in a logically ordered form and can even hinder their awareness. In the course of individual development, the severity of interhemispheric asymmetry changes, while the hemispheres are to a certain extent interchangeable. Both hemispheres function in interconnection, bringing their own specifics to the work of the brain as a whole. Interhemispheric asymmetry is peculiar only to humans; Its prerequisites are genetically transmitted, but it itself, as well as speech closely related to it, is finally formed only in social communication. Depending on specific conditions, a relative dominance of left-hemisphere or right-hemisphere thinking can develop, which largely determines the psychological characteristics of the personality.