the main features of higher mental functions are:
1) Cultural-historical context: higher mental functions develop through interaction with the social environment, speech, education and cultural experience, and not only as a result of neurophysiological development.
2) Hierarchical structure: higher mental functions are organized on the basis of natural functions.
3) Compensability: due to neuroplasticity, higher mental functions can compensate for each other when a particular function is impaired or damaged, which allows the child to adapt and develop despite difficulties or delays in development.
4) Voluntariness: higher mental functions are consciously controlled.
5) Mediation: higher mental functions are carried out with the use of “psychological tools” – sign systems that are the product of the long socio-historical development of mankind. Among the “psychological tools”, speech plays a leading role.
6) Consistency: each function is connected with others, multi-level complex structures are formed