conditions in which the child has difficulties with the systematic processing and analysis of information to reach logical conclusions or a rational approach to new situations. It is difficult for a child to understand the relationships between ideas, make decisions based on existing data and apply the knowledge gained in new conditions. These disorders are often associated with delayed development of neural networks in the cerebral cortex, especially in areas responsible for abstract thinking, strategic planning, and higher executive functions. This disorder affects academic performance, the ability to solve everyday tasks and adapt to complex social situations, so early intervention is crucial for the development of analytical and deductive thinking skills and their application in everyday life.