a theoretical scheme that describes the process of recovery of a person after an illness or a stressful situation, including successive stages of changes in health and behavior. Such models are often built on understanding behavior change, adaptation, and health improvement through certain stages, for example, in a transtheoretical model, there are stages: before thinking, thinking, preparing, acting, and sustaining. The model helps to understand how a person moves from illness or dysfunction to a state of health, including psychological, social, and biological aspects.