American psychologist, one of the founders of cognitive psychology. He made a significant contribution to the formation of cognitive psychology in the second half of the 20th century. Major achievements in the field of psychology:
1) Neisser viewed mental processes (perception, attention, memory, and problem-solving) in terms of cognitive patterns. The book “Cognitive Psychology” (1967) is the first textbook in this field.
2) He introduced the concept of “mental schema” – cognitive structures or organized networks of knowledge, ordered models of thinking about the world. Mental schemas include representations of which objects and events typically occur in certain contexts, and how they interact with each other.
3) The theory of the perceptual cycle is the process of perception, which, according to Neisser, is a continuous activity of the subject to extract information from the surrounding world and build up existing schemes.