a concept that states that psychosomatic disorders arise from the overactivation of the sympathetic nervous system and the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis (HPA) as a result of chronic stress, which leads to the release of hormones such as cortisol and adrenaline. These chronic physiological changes weaken the immune system and increase the likelihood of developing chronic diseases. Thus, it is believed that the symptoms are due to various biological mechanisms, but they are primarily caused by psychological triggers.