The brain’s ability to self-organize and form new neural pathways in response to experiences, learning, trauma, or dysfunctions. Neuroplasticity allows a child to develop new abilities or modify existing functions to compensate for damaged or disturbed areas, turning the brain into a dynamic system capable of adapting to changes and environmental demands. In this context, compensation is understood as the use of a child’s strengths to improve performance in weak areas, whether through cognitive strategies, motor regulation, or support for emotional and social functions. This concept emphasizes that higher psychological functions are not fixed, but can be modified and enhanced through early intervention and an appropriate educational environment. This allows you to transform strengths into tools to strengthen or compensate for weaker functions, while maintaining the overall neuropsychological balance of the child’s development. This concept makes neuroplasticity and compensation the basis of therapeutic and educational interventions aimed at the holistic development of the child’s abilities, taking into account the differences and variability of functional development in different people and providing opportunities for continuous growth and adaptation.