disorder of speech utterance, manifested in the replacement of speech sounds or words with others or in the incorrect use of certain sounds or words in oral and written speech. There are two types of paraphrasies: – verbal paraphrasy – the replacement of some words with others that are close in meaning, which is due to mnestic or semantic speech disorders; it can be manifested as a combination of separate elements of different words into one word; – literal paraphrasy – erroneous replacement of individual sounds or syllables in words; It is based on sensory or motor speech disorders.