a set of psychological, cultural and social characteristics that distinguish a leader and determine his way of thinking, leadership style and behavior in the organization. These traits underpin the ability to lead, make decisions, and motivate a team. They also determine how the manager copes with stress, difficulties, and organizational changes. Effective management is based not only on technical knowledge and skills; It also relies heavily on personal qualities that help the leader influence individuals and groups and improve the effectiveness of the organization.