a direction in modern psychology that studies the conditions and mechanisms of a decent and fulfilling life. The focus is on positive emotions, character traits, positive social institutions, and their impact on human well-being. Positive psychology emerged in the United States in 1997-1998 and has become one of the leading trends in psychological science and practice, spreading around the world. The focus of research is on happiness, well-being, life satisfaction, optimism, the meaning and purpose of life, health, resistance to stress and life difficulties. International comparative cultural studies and long-term surveys involving economists and sociologists have revealed the real factors that affect subjective well-being. For example, material security has a strong impact on life satisfaction in poor countries and social strata, but loses its significance with an increase in the general level of well-being.