examples illustrating the psychological phenomena that accompany political absenteeism:
1) Alienation from politics. The loss of interest in politics while recognizing dependence on it can be interpreted as alienation, the perception of the political sphere as an external, uncontrollable, hostile force.
2) A feeling of powerlessness. In most cases, it suppresses the desire to take part in politics.
3) Frustrating features of self-consciousness. L. Gozman and E. Shestopal identified four parameters of such a state:
– Deindividuation – insufficient sense of one’s individuality, of being different from others.
– Blurring of group affiliation – insufficient sense of belonging to a nation, a certain social class, residents of one’s city, etc.
– Depersonalization is the attribution of some actions not to oneself, but to some autonomous part of oneself, for which the subject is not morally responsible.
– Feeling dependent on the surrounding circumstances – viewing the existing situation as the best of all possible, and its change as meaningless and hopeless.
4) The age and level of education of the voter also affect the manifestation of absenteeism.
5) In addition, absenteeism can be influenced by dissatisfaction with one’s current life, position in society, and the results of politicians’ activities.
6) Absenteeism can be based on fatigue from politics, disappointment, hostility to politics in general and politicians in particular.