a cognitive-emotional process through which people interpret and assess the level of potential political threats and anticipate their consequences for their daily lives, personal and collective futures. This perception is not limited to rational observation of events; rather, political awareness intersects with emotions such as fear, anxiety, or hope, forming an evaluative system that guides individual behavior. This perception plays a key role in shaping individual political behavior. It can motivate some people to engage in political activities (e.g., participating in elections, protests, or pressure campaigns), while others can lead to abandoning or refraining from politics out of frustration or loss of trust. It also contributes to a change in public opinion and affects the willingness to make sacrifices or take risks in order to protect values and interests.