scientific foundations of neuropsychological rehabilitation of patients and persons with disabilities, in accordance with which the practical work of a neuropsychologist should be built:
1) The principle of taking into account the patient’s personality – restorative education should be based on the tasks of treatment and rehabilitation of a person, the restoration of his physiological, domestic and social functions, and not on the tasks of restoring any isolated skills, which involves taking into account the personality of a person with a disability and the formation of motives activity.
2) The principle of reliance on the preserved forms of verbal and non-verbal activity of a patient and a person with a disability – when functions are impaired, the previous experience of a person does not disappear, many forms of human activity remain intact, more often – actions strengthened in the past experience, which take place at a less voluntary level. That is why the use of the residual capabilities of the most established forms of activity and the temporary transfer of the affected function to another, lower and more accessible, level of implementation should become an important component of the work of a neuropsychologist.
3) The principle of reliance on objective activity is based on the knowledge that mental processes are formed in objective activity, the assimilation of function occurs through the subject’s own activity. In restorative training, it is necessary to apply methods of restoring function through the implementation of verbal and non-verbal activities of a person with disabilities.
4) The principle of organization of activity is based on the idea of modern psychology that not only the content of training and one’s own activity to acquire a skill are important in learning, but, first of all, it is necessary to organize and manage this activity.
5) The principle of programmed learning – the principle of systematic management of activities from the outside; is the principle of teaching and a way to implement the previous principle. It provides for the development of programs consisting of a number of sequential operations, the implementation of which will lead to the implementation of the impaired skill.