one of the first forms of socio-psychological theories, formed in the middle of the XIX century in Germany. In social psychology, this form offered a “collectivist” solution to the problem of the relationship between the individual and society. In the psychology of peoples, the substantial existence of a “supra-individual soul” subordinate to the people (nation) was admitted. The direct creators of the theory of the psychology of peoples were the philosopher M. Lazarus and the linguist G. Steinthal. Later, the ideas of the psychology of peoples were developed in the views of W. Wundt. From Wundt’s point of view, physiological psychology is an experimental discipline, but experiment is not suitable for the study of higher mental processes – speech and thinking. Therefore, it is from this “point” that the psychology of peoples begins. Other methods should be used in it, namely the analysis of cultural products: language, myths, customs, art.