the inability or unwillingness of one or both parties to adapt their position, strategy or tactics in response to changing conditions, new information or offers from the opponent. It manifests itself in a rigid adherence to the original requirements, a lack of creativity in finding solutions and resistance to any changes in the format of the discussion. Rigidity should not be confused with principle: it is often destructive, blocking progress even in situations where compromise or alternative options could lead to a mutually beneficial result. Its roots usually lie in the fear of losing control, lack of training, ideological conviction or stakeholder pressure.