a modern analytical approach that links the emergence and development of conflicts with specific circumstances and contexts in which individuals or groups exist. In contrast to classical theories, which focus on the internal structure of the personality (as in Freud) or on structural competition for resources (as in Sherif), the situational model argues that conflict is not fixed or inherent in human nature, but is largely determined by the characteristics of the situation faced by individuals or groups. In short, the situational model of conflict shows that it is not simply the product of fixed individual or group characteristics, but the result of the interaction of people with certain contextual conditions. Therefore, a thorough understanding and analysis of the situation is the most important approach to managing conflict, mitigating its negative consequences and enhancing positive results. This model also assumes that changing elements of the situation (such as redistributing resources, improving communication channels, introducing new rules of negotiation) can radically change the nature and course of the conflict. Hence its practical importance in areas such as conflict management, mediation, organizational problem solving and international politics.