social labeling. Stigma, as an ancient Greek term, referred to a mark or mark carved or burned into a person’s body, characterizing them as morally “defective” (e.g., that a person is a slave or a criminal). In his work “Stigma: Notes on Managing a Damaged Identity”, I. Goffman uses the concept in relation to the mentally ill. According to Irving Goffman, stigmatization in the social sense means a type of relationship between a shameful social quality and a stereotype – an expected attitude towards it, which determines the inability to live a full-fledged social life due to the deprivation of the right to public recognition. Stigmatization can lead to discrimination (see Discrimination in Chapter 1.6. Key Psychological Concepts in Individual Psychology), that is, to real actions that restrict the rights of a group.