method of conducting a diagnostic conversation in the paradigm of psychoanalysis, proposed by O. Kernberg. It allows for differential diagnosis (between pathological character traits, borderline states, psychotic states and syndromes of organic brain damage), provides information regarding the prognosis and indications for psychotherapy, the patient’s motivation for psychotherapy. It combines psychoanalytic observation, conflict interpretation techniques and psychological defenses that manifest themselves in the course of interaction between the psychotherapist and the patient.