(from the Greek syn – with, together and kinesis – movement) are additional concomitant movements that involuntarily arise during the main functional movements performed intentionally or automatically. There are physiological synkinesis (for example, waving the arms when walking) and pathological. The latter occur in paralyzed limbs when the pyramidal tracts are affected and are due to the loss of inhibitory influences from the cortex of the cerebral hemispheres on intraspinal automatisms.