It is a small area of the median brain that regulates the activity of the brain’s neuroendocrine glands and the balance of the body. The hypothalamus is connected via neural pathways to almost all parts of the central nervous system, including cortex, hippocampus, amygdala, cerebellum, and brainstem, and spinal cord. along with the pituitary gland, the hypothalamus forms the hypothalamic-pituitary system, The hypothalamus controls the release of pituitary hormones and is the central link between the nervous system and the endocrine glands. It regulates functions such as sensation of hunger and thirst, thermoregulation of the body, sexual behavior, sleep and wakefulness.