natural differences between learners in cognitive abilities, skills, learning styles, aptitudes, interests, previous experiences, and even personality and emotional traits. Recognizing these differences is a fundamental principle of modern education, requiring teachers to provide diverse content, flexible learning strategies, and a variety of assessment methods tailored to each student’s needs. Failure to consider individual differences can lead to the exclusion or frustration of some students, while respecting them is a prerequisite for achieving educational equity, promoting effective learning, and equal opportunities in the classroom.