Neuropsychological development of children cannot be strictly divided into normal and abnormal, it should be considered as a certain spectrum, ranging from harmonious functioning to disharmony and disorders. Each child has a combination of developed and underdeveloped functions. Higher mental functions may differ in the rate of maturation. Even cases classified as giftedness can be examples of disharmonious development if accompanied by deficits in other areas, such as speech or social interaction skills. Therefore, a comprehensive understanding of development must take into account the full range of abilities and challenges, with a focus on identifying strengths and weaknesses to provide appropriate support and facilitate the child’s learning and psychological adaptation.