a set of theoretical concepts designed to clarify the nature of stress, its sources and how it affects a person from both a psychological and physical point of view. Among the most famous of these theories is the biophysiological model of Hans Selye, in which the concept of the “general adaptation syndrome” was introduced, explaining that stress passes through the stages of anxiety, resistance and exhaustion, and chronic exposure to stress leads to serious psychosomatic disorders. Richard Lazarus’s cognitive theory focuses on the cognitive assessment of a stressful event, arguing that a person’s perception and interpretation of a situation determine the extent of their emotional and physical response to a greater extent than the event itself. Behavioral theories also stand out, posing that stress is associated with learning and reinforcement patterns, and that emotional responses can be altered through learning strategies. Moreover, interactionist models offer a more comprehensive explanation, integrating biological, psychological, and social factors to explain the dynamics of stress. These theories agree that stress is not just an external stimulus, but a complex process involving cognitive assessments, personal resources, and physiological adaptations, making it the basis for understanding psychosomatic disorders and developing therapeutic intervention strategies.