a comprehensive framework for understanding the growth and neuropsychological development of a child. It focuses on the relationship between the structural structure of the brain and its functions, as well as the environmental and educational experiences that a child receives from birth. According to this view, the brain is seen as a dynamic system that develops gradually over certain periods of time, depending on the constant interaction of genetic and environmental factors. Neurodevelopmental theory states that higher mental functions such as speech, attention, memory, and thinking do not arise suddenly, but develop gradually as a result of the interaction of several levels – neuronal, cognitive, and behavioral processes – with each level contributing to the construction and strengthening of the next level. The theory also suggests the existence of sensitive or critical periods in a child’s development, during which the ability to acquire certain skills is most developed. Stimulation from the environment and education during these periods is crucial for healthy development. In addition, neurodevelopmental theory emphasizes the neuroplasticity of the brain, which makes it possible to compensate for some deficits or difficulties even after the end of sensitive periods through targeted intervention programs, as well as educational and therapeutic activities. Overall, neurodevelopmental theory provides a framework for understanding how the neural structure of a child’s brain interacts with their educational and social experiences, and how early diagnostic and therapeutic educational strategies can be developed to support holistic development and improve mastery of cognitive, emotional, and social skills, taking into account individual differences in the rate of development of higher mental functions in children.