a theoretical system that studies the structure of political groups and parties, the distribution of power within them, and the role of leaders in managing collective emotions and behavior. From the point of view of political psychology, this theory helps to understand the influence of organizational structures on the effectiveness of organizations in achieving their goals, strengthening the sense of belonging, motivation for participation, and managing internal and external conflicts in the political environment. This theory originates in the works of the American sociologist Talcott Parsons in the mid-20th century. In 1951, Parsons published The Social System, in which he presented a model for the organization of political groups and parties, the distribution of power within them, and the impact of this on collective behavior. This book is considered a fundamental source of knowledge in this field. Organization theory is one of the foundational pillars of political psychology because it is used to analyze the organizational structures of political parties, social movements, and governmental organizations and helps to understand how these structures influence the behavior of individuals and groups within them.