difficulties in making logical connections between ideas, organizing information, and understanding cause-and-effect or abstract relationships, leading to impaired learning, decision-making, and everyday problem solving. The cause is often due to a defect or delay in the development of neural networks responsible for higher executive functions, including the cerebral cortex, associated with abstract thinking, analysis, and reasoning. The child faces significant difficulties in learning, facing new situations and effectively using the knowledge gained, so early intervention is necessary to develop logical and abstract thinking skills.