an advanced set of scientific methods aimed at an accurate and objective study of the relationship between psychological factors and the physical state of the body. These methods are based on the measurement of biological and physiological indicators that change in response to psychological stress, anxiety, depression or other emotions: changes in hormone secretion (cortisol, adrenaline), activity of the autonomic nervous system, heart rate, blood pressure and immune system responses.
Biological methods include laboratory tests to determine the concentration of hormones, inflammatory markers, and immune cells.
Physiological techniques, in turn, include the use of techniques such as electroencephalography (EEG), functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), electrocardiography (ECG), and galvanic skin response (GHR) to identify the body’s responses to psychological stress.
These methods are also used in experimental studies to determine the causal or correlation relationship between psychological state and physical performance, as well as to explain the occurrence of psychosomatic symptoms. The results of biological and physiological research allow scientists and doctors to develop precise therapeutic interventions aimed at improving both mental and physical health. Interventions such as the development of stress management programs, psychophysical exercise, and social support increase a person’s ability to adapt to stress and reduce the risk of developing somatic diseases. Thus, biological and physiological research methods form a solid scientific basis for understanding the dynamic interaction of the mind and body within the framework of psychosomatics.