A 2009 model that considers psychological immunity as a dynamic, flexible system aimed at protecting a person from the negative effects of chronic stress and psychosomatic disorders. Barbanell views psychological immunity as an adaptive process that can be continuously improved through the development of cognitive, emotional, and behavioral mechanisms, such as cognitive reappraisal of stressful situations, the use of problem-solving strategies, and the cultivation of positive emotions. The model also emphasizes the importance of environmental and social factors, arguing that having a strong support network of friends, family, and community contributes significantly to increasing levels of psychological immunity. Barbanel also emphasizes that psychological immunity is not necessarily fixed or hereditary, but can be developed through therapeutic interventions and psychological training programs aimed at increasing resilience, flexibility, and the ability to manage emotions.