American cognitive psychologist and specialist in the study of memory. The main area of her scientific interests is the problem of the plasticity of human memories. Her most famous works are related to the study of the memories of eyewitnesses to incidents, as well as the creation and study of false memories. Loftus developed the concept of the disinformation effect, a demonstration that eyewitnesses’ memories are altered after they have received incorrect information about an event. Loftus also conducted experiments demonstrating how false memories can be created (in particular, by mixing them with real events).