British researcher, anthropologist, psychologist, statistician, founder of differential psychology and psychometrics, as well as the founder of eugenics. Galton is one of the most prominent figures in world psychology, despite the fact that he did not consider himself a psychologist due to the uncertain status of this science at that time. The main area of his scientific research was the study of human abilities. Galton’s main conviction was that a person’s talent and in general all mental qualities are inherited as well as his physical qualities. To argue this thesis, he developed the so-called twin method, which later became extremely widespread in psychology. Galton is known for his research on human intelligence. He devoted a whole book to them, “The Study of Human Abilities and Their Development”, which describes the basics of psychological testing (according to many, Galton can be called the founder of the psychometric direction in psychology). He was the first in academic literature to describe aphantasia, the first to conduct mass testing. Many of the ideas and methods developed by Galton served as a guideline for the development of psychological science, and above all differential psychology.