American psychiatrist and scientist, known as the author of the biopsychosocial model of health and disease. In 1977, he proposed a holistic approach to understanding health, arguing that medical diagnosis and treatment should take into account not only biological factors, but also the psychological and social aspects of the patient’s life. This model was a response to a reductionist biomedical approach, emphasizing the importance of a holistic view of the human being as a single system, where biological, psychological, and social factors are interrelated and influence each other.